PyTorch Lightning is the lightweight PyTorch wrapper for ML researchers. Scale your models. Write less boilerplate.
Project description
The lightweight PyTorch wrapper for high-performance AI research. Scale your models, not the boilerplate.
Website • Key Features • How To Use • Docs • Examples • Community • Lightning AI • License
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PyTorch Lightning is just organized PyTorch
Lightning disentangles PyTorch code to decouple the science from the engineering.
Lightning Design Philosophy
Lightning structures PyTorch code with these principles:
Lightning forces the following structure to your code which makes it reusable and shareable:
- Research code (the LightningModule).
- Engineering code (you delete, and is handled by the Trainer).
- Non-essential research code (logging, etc... this goes in Callbacks).
- Data (use PyTorch DataLoaders or organize them into a LightningDataModule).
Once you do this, you can train on multiple-GPUs, TPUs, CPUs, IPUs, HPUs and even in 16-bit precision without changing your code!
Get started in just 15 minutes
Continuous Integration
Lightning is rigorously tested across multiple CPUs, GPUs and TPUs and against major Python and PyTorch versions.
Current build statuses
| System / PyTorch ver. | 1.12 | 1.13 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
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| Linux py3.9 [GPUs] |  |
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| Linux py3.9 [TPUs] |  |
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| Linux (multiple Python versions) |  |
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| OSX (multiple Python versions) | |
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| Windows (multiple Python versions) | |
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How To Use
Step 0: Install
Simple installation from PyPI
pip install pytorch-lightning
Step 1: Add these imports
import os
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torchvision.datasets import MNIST
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, random_split
from torchvision import transforms
import pytorch_lightning as pl
Step 2: Define a LightningModule (nn.Module subclass)
A LightningModule defines a full system (ie: a GAN, autoencoder, BERT or a simple Image Classifier).
class LitAutoEncoder(pl.LightningModule):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.encoder = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(28 * 28, 128), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(128, 3))
self.decoder = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(3, 128), nn.ReLU(), nn.Linear(128, 28 * 28))
def forward(self, x):
# in lightning, forward defines the prediction/inference actions
embedding = self.encoder(x)
return embedding
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
# training_step defines the train loop. It is independent of forward
x, y = batch
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
z = self.encoder(x)
x_hat = self.decoder(z)
loss = F.mse_loss(x_hat, x)
self.log("train_loss", loss)
return loss
def configure_optimizers(self):
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(self.parameters(), lr=1e-3)
return optimizer
Note: Training_step defines the training loop. Forward defines how the LightningModule behaves during inference/prediction.
Step 3: Train!
dataset = MNIST(os.getcwd(), download=True, transform=transforms.ToTensor())
train, val = random_split(dataset, [55000, 5000])
autoencoder = LitAutoEncoder()
trainer = pl.Trainer()
trainer.fit(autoencoder, DataLoader(train), DataLoader(val))
Advanced features
Lightning has over 40+ advanced features designed for professional AI research at scale.
Here are some examples:
Highlighted feature code snippets
# 8 GPUs
# no code changes needed
trainer = Trainer(max_epochs=1, accelerator="gpu", devices=8)
# 256 GPUs
trainer = Trainer(max_epochs=1, accelerator="gpu", devices=8, num_nodes=32)
Train on TPUs without code changes
# no code changes needed
trainer = Trainer(accelerator="tpu", devices=8)
16-bit precision
# no code changes needed
trainer = Trainer(precision=16)
Experiment managers
from pytorch_lightning import loggers
# tensorboard
trainer = Trainer(logger=TensorBoardLogger("logs/"))
# weights and biases
trainer = Trainer(logger=loggers.WandbLogger())
# comet
trainer = Trainer(logger=loggers.CometLogger())
# mlflow
trainer = Trainer(logger=loggers.MLFlowLogger())
# neptune
trainer = Trainer(logger=loggers.NeptuneLogger())
# ... and dozens more
EarlyStopping
es = EarlyStopping(monitor="val_loss")
trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[es])
Checkpointing
checkpointing = ModelCheckpoint(monitor="val_loss")
trainer = Trainer(callbacks=[checkpointing])
Export to torchscript (JIT) (production use)
# torchscript
autoencoder = LitAutoEncoder()
torch.jit.save(autoencoder.to_torchscript(), "model.pt")
Export to ONNX (production use)
autoencoder = LitAutoEncoder()
input_sample = torch.randn((1, 64))
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".onnx", delete=False) as tmpfile:
autoencoder.to_onnx(tmpfile.name, input_sample, export_params=True)
Pro-level control of optimization (advanced users)
For complex/professional level work, you have optional full control of the optimizers.
class LitAutoEncoder(pl.LightningModule):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.automatic_optimization = False
def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
# access your optimizers with use_pl_optimizer=False. Default is True
opt_a, opt_b = self.optimizers(use_pl_optimizer=True)
loss_a = ...
self.manual_backward(loss_a, opt_a)
opt_a.step()
opt_a.zero_grad()
loss_b = ...
self.manual_backward(loss_b, opt_b, retain_graph=True)
self.manual_backward(loss_b, opt_b)
opt_b.step()
opt_b.zero_grad()
Advantages over unstructured PyTorch
- Models become hardware agnostic
- Code is clear to read because engineering code is abstracted away
- Easier to reproduce
- Make fewer mistakes because lightning handles the tricky engineering
- Keeps all the flexibility (LightningModules are still PyTorch modules), but removes a ton of boilerplate
- Lightning has dozens of integrations with popular machine learning tools.
- Tested rigorously with every new PR. We test every combination of PyTorch and Python supported versions, every OS, multi GPUs and even TPUs.
- Minimal running speed overhead (about 300 ms per epoch compared with pure PyTorch).
Examples
Self-supervised Learning
Convolutional Architectures
Reinforcement Learning
GANs
Classic ML
Community
The PyTorch Lightning community is maintained by
- 10+ core contributors who are all a mix of professional engineers, Research Scientists, and Ph.D. students from top AI labs.
- 680+ active community contributors.
Want to help us build Lightning and reduce boilerplate for thousands of researchers? Learn how to make your first contribution here
PyTorch Lightning is also part of the PyTorch ecosystem which requires projects to have solid testing, documentation and support.
Asking for help
If you have any questions please:
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